脚注

1  曹则贤. 国科大学不分科——曹则贤:你知道什么是温度吗?.  https://www.douyin.com/video/7069706132952042766

2  温度.  https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B8%A9%E5%BA%A6/221599

3  Deborah Byrd. Where was dark matter in early universe?.  https://earthsky.org/space/dark-matter-less-influential-early-universe/

4  European Southern Observatory. Dark Matter Less Influential in Galaxies in Early Universe.  https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1709/

5  牛顿万有引力定律. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E6%9C%89%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B

6  库仑定律. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E4%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B

7  引力势能. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%8A%BF%E8%83%BD

8  More Images of 1E 0657-56.  https://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2006/1e0657/more.html

9  麦克斯韦方程组. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%9F%A6%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B%E7%BB%84

10  麦克斯韦方程组的历史. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%9F%A6%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B%E7%BB%84%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2

11  光子.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90

12  坡印亭定理. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9D%A1%E5%8D%B0%E4%BA%AD%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86

13  约翰·亨利·坡印亭. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E5%9D%A1%E5%8D%B0%E5%BB%B7

14  坡印亭向量. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9D%A1%E5%8D%B0%E5%BB%B7%E5%90%91%E9%87%8F

15  能量密度.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6

16  普朗克-爱因斯坦关系式. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%9C%97%E5%85%8B-%E7%88%B1%E5%9B%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%BC%8F

17  物质波.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E6%B3%A2

18  电磁波.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E6%B3%A2

19  频率.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A2%91%E7%8E%87

20  周期.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F

21  武向平. 听武向平院士讲宇宙（37）暗物质和暗能量将引起的物理学变革是什么?.  https://www.douyin.com/video/6946488820107955463

22  曲速引擎.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E9%80%9F%E5%BC%95%E6%93%8E

23  幸存者偏误. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%B8%E5%AD%98%E8%80%85%E5%81%8F%E8%AF%AF

24  暗物质.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8

25  Dark matter.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

26  Direct detection of dark matter.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_detection_of_dark_matter

27  Antimatter.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter

28  Reaching for the Stars.  https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/1999/prop12apr99_1

29  New and Improved Antimatter Spaceship for Mars Missions.  https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/home/antimatter_spaceship.html

30  Nathan Collins. The Milky Way’s satellites help reveal link between dark matter halos and galaxy formation. https://news.fnal.gov/2020/04/the-milky-ways-satellites-help-reveal-link-between-dark-matter-halos-and-galaxy-formation/

31  Convex uniform honeycomb.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convex_uniform_honeycomb

32  λ演算.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%BB%E6%BC%94%E7%AE%97

33  图灵机.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E7%81%B5%E6%9C%BA

34  哈勃-勒梅特定律. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%8B%83%E2%80%93%E5%8B%92%E6%A2%85%E7%89%B9%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B

35  多普勒效应. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94

36  红移.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E7%A7%BB

37  What is the Subaru Telescope?. https://www.nao.ac.jp/en/research/telescope/subaru.html

38  HSC Supernova Cosmology Legacy Survey with HST S17B/S18A-055I. https://subarutelescope.org/Science/SubaruUM/SubaruUM2018/_src/d1_1600_Suzuki.pdf

39  最遥远的天体列表. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E9%81%A5%E8%BF%9C%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8

40  Astronomers Spot Most Distant Galaxy—At Least For Now.  https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/astronomers-spot-most-distant-galaxy-yet-at-least-for-now

41  詹姆斯·韦伯空间望远镜. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E4%BC%AF%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%9C%9B%E8%BF%9C%E9%95%9C

42  大爆炸.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8

43  Big Bang.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang

44  NASA / WMAP Science Team. Timeline of the Universe.  https://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/media/060915/index.html

45  超新星.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%96%B0%E6%98%9F

46  Type Ia supernova.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_Ia_supernova

47  Sun Fact Sheet.  https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/sunfact.html

48  High-Z Supernova Search Team.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-Z_Supernova_Search_Team

49  Supernova Cosmology Project.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supernova_Cosmology_Project

50  宇宙加速膨胀. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E8%86%A8%E8%84%B9

51  Dark energy.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

52  Cosmic microwave background.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_microwave_background

53  State of matter.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_matter

54  液体.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E4%BD%93

55  气体.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93

56  Bernoulli's principle.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernoulli%27s_principle

57  Ideal gas law.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_gas_law

58  Gas constant.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_constant

59  摩尔质量.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F

60  计算流体力学. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6

61  壳层定理.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A3%B3%E5%B1%82%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86

62  银河系.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E6%B2%B3%E7%B3%BB

63  Adam Mann. The Milky Way May Be Missing a Trillion Suns’ Worth of Mass.  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-milky-way-may-be-missing-a-trillion-suns-worth-of-mass/

64  人马座A*.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%A9%AC%E5%BA%A7A*

65  星系自转问题. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E7%B3%BB%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%AC%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98

66  Galaxy rotation curve.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_rotation_curve

67  List of globular clusters.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_globular_clusters

68  Dark Matter.  https://jila.colorado.edu/~ajsh/courses/astr3740_21/dm.html

69  假设的海王星外行星. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%81%87%E8%AE%BE%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%96%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F

70  阋神星.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F

71  Kimm Fesenmaier. Caltech Researchers Find Evidence of a Real Ninth Planet. https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/caltech-researchers-find-evidence-real-ninth-planet-49523

72  第九行星.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F

73  Pioneer anomaly.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer_anomaly

74  Milky Way.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milky_Way

75  亚里士多德. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7

76  Timeline of luminiferous aether https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_luminiferous_aether

77  以太.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA

78  Luminiferous aether.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminiferous_aether

79  巨引源.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E5%BC%95%E6%BA%90

80  Fitzsimmons. The Velocity of Our Galaxy: the End of a 40-Year Mystery. https://www.cea.fr/drf/english/Pages/News/Scientific-results/2017/velocity-of-our-galaxy-the-end-of-a-40-year-mystery.aspx

81  VICTORIA WOOLLASTON-WEBBER. The Milky Way is being pushed through space by a void called the Dipole Repeller.  https://www.wired.co.uk/article/dipole-repeller-milky-way

82  本星系群.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E6%98%9F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BE%A4

83  室女超星系团. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%A4%E5%A5%B3%E8%B6%85%E6%98%9F%E7%B3%BB%E5%9B%A2

84  拉尼亚凯亚超星系团. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%87%AF%E4%BA%9A%E8%B6%85%E6%98%9F%E7%B3%BB%E5%9B%A2

85  What Is The Great Attractor?.  https://www.universetoday.com/113150/what-is-the-great-attractor/

86  Shapley Supercluster.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapley_Supercluster

87  GAIA CLOCKS NEW SPEEDS FOR MILKY WAY-ANDROMEDA COLLISION  https://sci.esa.int/web/gaia/-/61116-gaia-clocks-new-speeds-for-milky-way-andromeda-collision

88  ESA and the Planck Collaboration. Planck enhanced anomalies. https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2013/03/Planck_enhanced_anomalies

89  迈克耳孙-莫雷实验.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E8%80%B3%E5%AD%99-%E8%8E%AB%E9%9B%B7%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C

90  双生子佯谬.  https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%AF%E8%B0%AC

91  为什么要用相对论为GPS导航提供修正.  http://www.beidou.gov.cn/zy/kpyd/201710/t20171011_4688.html

92  定域性原理. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E5%9F%9F%E6%80%A7%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86

93  Quantum entanglement.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_entanglement

94  路径积分表述. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%84%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%86%E8%A1%A8%E8%BF%B0

95  费马原理. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E9%A9%AC%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86

96  斯涅尔定律. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B6%85%E5%B0%94%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B

97  Juliette Collen. massive galaxies in early universe.  https://phys.org/news/2023-02-webb-massive-galaxies-early-universe.html